Abstract

TRIGUERO, Carolina; ALMANZA, Giovanna R.; TARQUI, Santiago  and  LOZANO, Maribel. Quantification of saponins by GC/MS in quinoa genotypes, Chenopodium quinoa Willd, from the southern highlands of Bolivia. Rev. Bol. Quim [online]. 2024, vol.41, n.1, pp.24-33. ISSN 0250-5460.  https://doi.org/10.34098/2078-3949.41.1.4.

The quantification of saponin content in seven Quinoa genotypes from the Southern Altiplano of Bolivia was carried out: white royal quinoa (QRB), yellow royal quinoa (QRA), Pandela royal quinoa (QRP), Toledo royal quinoa (QRT), Luki royal quinoa (QRL), black royal quinoa (QRN) and Pasankalla red royal quinoa (QRRP), through the implementation of Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry methodology (GC/MS). Oleanolic acid, Serjanic acid, Hederagenin and Phytolacagenic acid were isolated from Quinoa scarifying residues, and used as internal standards. Sapogenin extracts were obtained from seven Royal Quinoa genotypes, which were silylated to obtain trimethylsilyl derivatives and quantified by GC/MS method. In all cases, the saponin values were high, between 0.8 and 1.4%, confirming that all quinoa samples analyzed are bitter Quinoa that must be subjected to a scarifying process.

Keywords : Royal quinoa; Saponin; Sapogenin; Trimethylsilyl derivatives; GC/MS; Bolivian South Altiplano.

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