Abstract

ROJAS SAUNERO, Liliana Paloma  and  CLAROS BELTRAN, Nataniel. FAMILIAR, SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND GYNECOLOGIC ASPECTS ANALYSIS AS RISK FACTORS FOR TEENAGE PREGNANCY. Rev. Méd. La Paz [online]. 2014, vol.20, n.1, pp.18-27. ISSN 1726-8958.

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy in adolescence is topic of great importance for the impact in public health, economy and society. OBJETIVE: To analyze familiar, social, economic and gynecologic aspects as risks factors involved in teen pregnancy. MATERIAL AND MÉTHODS: Design: Case-control study. Comparative study of adolescents with previous or current pregnancy from the community Santa Ana la Nueva - Tarija, with nulliparous adolescents from the same area, between april and june, 2012. A questionnaire was made based on different chosen instruments. Sample size: 22 cases and 22 controls RESULTS: Mean age was 16.13 years (SD: ± 1.641) for controls and for the cases was 17.7 years old (SD: ± 1.445). Of cases, 10 (45.45%) were single, 10 (45.45%) lived with couple and 2 (9.09%) were married. 20 controls were single (90.1%). Among the cases 16 (72.73%) were households and 5 (22.73%) were students, 1 (4.55%) worked in business. From this cases, 40.91% had a primary education, uncompleted or complete, compared to the total of controls who were enrolled in secondary education (p<0.001), 19 (86.36%) of the cases had a mother who had her first born before 20 years, compared to 12 (54.55%) of the controls (p=0.045) (OR: 5.27 95% IC 1.02 - 34.58). Type of family and familiar dysfunctionality did not represent differences when comparing both groups. About the socioeconomical status, 100% of cases came from a low status, compared to 95.45% of controls. In this studied group nor tabacco, alcohol or drug consumption had relation with pregnancy. Starting sexual intercourse at the age of ≤ 15 years did not represent a risk factor for pregnancy, compared to the control group where 16 (72.73%) did not initiated intercourse (p=0.08) . All women from the control group had knowledge about contraception, compared to only 12 (45.45%) of cases (p<0.001). 18 (81.82%) cases do not use contraception actually (OR:15.3, 95% IC 2.93 - 87.71) and 9 (41.01%) had more than 1 sexual couple (OR: 6.92, 95% IC 1.11 - 72.63). CONCLUSION: Having a mother whose first child was born in her adolescence, lack of knowledge in contraception, and its use, and having more than one sexual couple in this period are risk factors related with a major probability for pregnancy in adolescence.

Keywords : pregnancy in adolescence; birth control; socio-economical status.

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