Abstract

QUEZADA, Uriel Rigoberto Quispe et al. Concentration of heavy metals in cultivars of Persea americana, Luricocha, Huanta. Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet. [online]. 2023, vol.7, n.20, pp.376-386.  Epub May 20, 2023. ISSN 2664-0902.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaalfa.v7i20.222.

Contamination by heavy metals has spread throughout the planet, complicating the environment and resulting in serious health problems for mankind. The objective is to determine the level of lead and cadmium concentration in the soils of avocado (Persea americana) cultivation in Luricocha, for which soil samples were extracted from seven irrigation committees, with a population of 138.82 hectares of crops; Due to the size of the area, a sample of 10 hectares of avocado trees was taken into account for convenience, following the extraction protocol in the avocado tree by the Valle Grande laboratory, in the determination of heavy metals by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry method. Among the results obtained, it is highlighted that the clay texture type is the one with the highest levels of lead with 49.23 mg/kg, followed by a clay loam soil with 45.71 mg/kg; with respect to cadmium, the highest concentrations are found in clay loam and clayey loam soils with 0.331 and 0.330 mg/kg. It was concluded that lead is below the environmental quality standards for agricultural soils; however, it greatly exceeds the acceptable lead values for a non-contaminated soil whose maximum value is between 0.0 and 0.2 mg; on the other hand, the use of phosphate fertilizers has also been influenced by the higher concentration of cadmium in the soil.

Keywords : Persea americana; Heavy metals; Cadmium; Lead; Agricultural soil..

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