Objective:

To characterize the resistance mechanisms present in clinical isolates with Klebsiella pneumoniae identified by phenotypic methods at Monte Sinai Hospital from January 2018 to August 2020.

Materials and methods:

Positivist study with a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative approach to documentary design. The population consisted of 274 data from clinical isolates identified with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Which made up the entire sample with a total coverage sampling. The same ones that were collected from secondary sources entered in the database of the Microbiology department. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis.

Results:

Klebsiella pneumoniae showed a higher frequency in 2020 with 35%. The ESBL resistance mechanism was identified with 27.7% and KPC-type carbapenemases with 7.7%, with a higher presence in males. It presented a greater resistance to Penicillins, a moderate sensitivity to Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides, Quinolones and a high sensitivity to Carbapenems, Tigecycline and Colistin. The isolates were classified as multidrug resistant, more frequently in Urine culture, Bronchial aspirate, Body fluid, Catheter Tip and Blood culture in Hospitalization, ICU and Neonatology areas.

Conclusions:

The resistance mechanisms of K. pneumoniae to antibiotics are a common finding in hospital settings regardless of sex, hospital service or type of sample, becoming a public health problem.