Abstract

FERNANDEZ-RIOS, Luz Sucy. Multivariate model of socio-environmental impacts in hydroelectric projects in mountain areas. RevActaNova. [online]. 2023, vol.11, n.2, pp.162-181.  Epub Nov 30, 2023. ISSN 1683-0789.  https://doi.org/10.35319/acta-nova.20236.

As an effect of climate change and the scarcity of the world's finite fossil fuel resources, the exploitation of water resources for the generation of electricity becomes relevant through the planning of hydroelectric projects as a source of renewable energy. Although research studies related to environmental viability question the construction of reservoir hydroelectric projects, there is little record of concrete experiences in Bolivia on the implementation of Hydroelectric projects in mountain areas, a situation that is addressed through the concept of Development. Sustainable (DS).

The development of the study, part of an evaluation of the physical biotic/abiotic and socioeconomic components of a hydroelectric project in a mountain area, assesses the environmental impacts based on a combined EIA methodology, which uses computer tools such as the GIS Hierarchization Platform EABACO WEB and software, which allow the development of transformation functions and makes it possible to prioritize the components of the affected environment, including Biodiversity. The application of the Multicriteria Analysis (MCA) technique is carried out through the NAIADE method, which involves and integrates multiple perspectives to model: i) the behavior of environmental elements in the same basin or geographical area and ii) the components of the average between hydroelectric reservoir projects located in different geographical areas, which represent the variables of the model in relation to alternatives and/or possible locations.

As a result of the modeling, an environmental ordering is presented that determines that the use of AMC methods responds more precisely to determining the environmental impact generated by hydroelectric projects in mountain areas, according to their technical-ecosystem characteristics.

Keywords : Sustainable Development; Environmental Impact Assessment; Multicriteria Analysis; Environmental ordering.

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